Calus has some powers unknown to us. My theory has been that he’s found some power from another planet his ship ate that allowed him to create his “void realm” possibly an ahamkara or another powerful entity that will likely be the boss of the next raid lair. I imagine his powers will be better explained in the next dlc

Calus powers: Forehead laser beam

What else is there to say. He’s a giant space robot turtle.

I saw a comment telling his story below. As for his powers, probably master strategist and strength and psionic stuff but nothing out of the ordinary UNLESS he made a pact with the darkness at the edge of the galaxy and gained their power. “Grow fat from strength” or whatever. He eats planets and gains strength like oryx killed people and gained strength so I think he’s working with the darkness and will play a part in the next dlc dealing directly with the darkness

He's rich.

Calus was the Emperor of the Cabal Empire for many years. While the Empire was at peace under Calus, but over time it had stagnated and corruption was rife. Calus was eventually overthrown by Ghaul, the Consul and a conspiracy of other politicians that were unhappy with his carefree, hedonistic ways, and sent into exile on board the Leviathan, seen by may as the ultimate example of Calus's wastefulness. The Leviathan had a pre-programmed course built into it, but this soon malfunctioned and the ship was free to go wherever its master chose. Calus travelled to the darkest corners of the galaxy, his legion of followers and companions that followed him into exile ever at his side. Eventually the wandering former emperor learned of the Light and the Darkness through encounters with various ruins and beings of both sides, possibly including Savathun, Oryx's sister. With all of this information in hand, and his ever-loyal guards behind him, Calus set course for the Sol system. He was aware that those whom deposed him were there as well, and therefore kept out of reach of detection. He learned of the horrific failure that Primus Ta'aun's campaign aboard Oryx's Dreadnought, as well as of those that did manage to defeat Oryx: the Guardians. When Ghaul and the Consul failed to claim either the Light or the Darkness for their people, Calus made his presence known to his people on Mars, extending invitations to join him aboard the Leviathan to those that still showed loyalty to him. It's possible that a Cabal civil war is in the works on Mars, between those loyal to Calus's vision of a peaceful empre and those that still embrace Ghaul's vision of conquest and ascendance. Calus then made contact with humanity on Earth, sending not just an invitation, but a challenge to those Guardians that had defeated Ghaul. As the world-eating Leviathan began devouring Nessus, the Guardians accepted the challenge, boarding the Leviathan unopposed. When these Guardians proved their mettle against a mechanical copy of Calus (the Leviathan Raid) he rewarded them handsomly. What Calus's future plans are, as well as his overall goals, are not yet known, but it does appear that he is more of a friend than an enemy. It's possible that he wants to incorporate the human race into his empire, either as a client race or as a conscripted race (like the Psions).

Took over the old regime of the Cabal and made it great again. Got taken over and kicked out by Ghaul. After floating around in the Leviathan on a pre-set course, they come to a black void of nothing and Calus has a spiritual awaking, then goes and gets powerful again.