This list is meant to assist others in forming theories and speculations over the Vex. If any details are left out, feel free to add them in the comments.
-Programmless:
•Protheon
•Gatekeeper (first one)
•Theosyion
•Atheon
•Sekrion
•Templar
•Zydron
•Qodron
•Ultra Hydra
-Sol progeny:
•Eschaton Mind (normal Minotaur)
•Imminent Mind (descendant looking Minotaur)
•Primeval Mind (precursor looking)(strongest of the three) (there's actually a CP before this guy)
•The Groundskeeper (looks like a Gatelord)
•Overmind Minotaur
-Precursors (Sol Primeval):
•Precursor Gatekeeper
-Descendants (Sol Imminent):
•Descendant Gatekeeper
•Gorgons
-Hezen Corrective:
•Corrective Mind
•Corrective Permutation
•Maniphage
•Radian Clocker
-Hezen Protective:
•Vechron
-Virgo Progibition:
•Prohibitive Mind
•Chord Harpy
•Conductive Disciple
•Vekron
•Prohibitive Permutation
-Sol Divisive:
•Quria (likely)
•Undying Mind
•Divisive Mind
•Divisive Osculator
-Aphix Invasive:
•Aphix Penultima Alpha
•Iso Minotaur
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I'm unfamiliar with Aphix. Where do they appear?