I was going along the Destiny Database when this caught my eye.
The rare artifact- the Trinary Star- "We were fools to trust this god- machine. This bringer of death and Darkness."
This "god machine" instantly jumps out as the Traveler and it is a long held theory that it is evil and, in fact, has brought the darkness to us.
But this is not obviously 100%. Off my head there are one or two sects that believe the Traveler is evil. Binary Lazarus and/ or the Thankonaughts. It also may well be the Eliksni, who once had the Traveler (great machine) and it abandoned them for some reason. Any one of these could be who is saying it. There is also the slim chance it is referring to some other god machine.
Believe what you want. All will be reviled in time
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The Eliksni are the Fallen, and yes, the travler confronted the fallen before the humans, Variks said something about how they were abandoned because of thier "sin". The Trinary Star was a cult exiled from the tower for thier blasphemous accusations of the Speaker and Traveler. Outside the lore, unless Destiny is Rated M arounr year 5 or 6, it's not possible, the concept of betrayal is only allowed in M rated games, so right now, no.