Nope, calibre means nothing. Going by the correct definition of high-power. What actually denotes a 'high power' cartridge is either a 'full power' (battle rifle) cartridge - 7.62 NATO, 7.62x54mmR Tsarist, 8mm Mauser etc. Plus the much bigger stuff, like .30-06 and most cartridges that tend to have calibres above .30 "High powered" in the US media is bullshit. Because they're always referring to 5.56, which is by definition an intermediate-power cartridge. It has demonstrably lower lethality than cartridges such as 7.62x39 Soviet, another intermediate cartridge.

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