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由ATPsynthase12编辑：
3/19/2015 1:40:04 AM
13
Micro and macro evolution are not the same thing, but it's okay because it appears that lots of people make this mistake. Micro evolution is the change in allelic frequencies over time (example: B and b code for skin color. Over ten years the allelic freaquencies change from b=.50 B=.50 to B=.75 b=.25 in a population of desert nomads) . Macro evolution is the change in phenotypic variation for a select population of a species(example: genotypes(frequencies) code for phenotypes(individuals or whole numbers). Over 10 years the genotypic variation of the 100 desert nomads change from BB=.25 Bb=.5 bb=.25 or phenotypically BB=25 Bb=50 bb= 25 where B and b are codominant, BB codes for dark skin, Bb codes for tan skin and bb codes for white skin. In 10 years, the 100 individuals change to BB= .70 Bb=.3 bb= 0 or phenotypically BB=70 Bb=30 bb=0. This indicates directional selection for darker skin tone due to the environment.) welcome to population genetics 101.
For the sake of the argument, the numbers do not match up for anyone who knows this and want to check this with Hardy-Weinburg. This is merely an example to teach people.
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Surprised I understood that. However there is a real life example of that. The peppered moth It was originally white with black dots, because that was the colour of the moss that grew on the trees. However the industrial revolution killed all the moss and the rarer Black peppered moths blended into the environment better and the population changed to the black ones
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由ATPsynthase12编辑： 3/19/2015 4:49:56 AMAlleles are variants of a particular gene and code for genotypes, genotypes code for traits such as eye color or skin color. Phenotypes are the representations of those traits (I.e. Brown hair or blue eyes) Macro evolution is the change in Phenotypes or representations of traits over time. So squirrels changing from the majority of the population being brown to the majority of the population being black due to introducing a predator into the inviting entrust preys on brown squirrels is an example of that. Micro evolution is the change in allelic frequency over time, which leads to a change in genotypes frequency over time and if big enough can cause a noticeable change in the population (ie the change from brown to black to avoid predators). So if black is B and brown is b and black is dominant over the other, then evolutionary adaptation states that for this scenario you can expect B allele to increase which will also increase the population of black squirrels while decreasing the population of brown squirrels. So really when people state that macroevolution makes dogs give birth to new species of rat-dogs in a 1000 years they are talking out of their ass. In reality they both are interconnected. The only way you could gain a new species from macro evolutions is that eventually the deficit between brown and black squirrels get so great and they look different, behave differently, eat differently etc. then you could possibly have a new species or sub species. That is extremely rare because typically genotype frequencies fluctuate greatly for one variance to become so different that it becomes a new species would require serious selection for a particular species. I hope that makes more sense lol without the party you're explaining it to not having a strong understanding of biology it makes it difficult to explain the simple terms biological terms in ways that laymen can understand
