Progress for all 3 version of destiny (Destiny: 360, Destiny 1 Xbone, Destiny 2 Xbone) are all separate.
As for the D1 characters not showing in the app. Last week bungie disabled all support for D1 to make way for D2.
Not sure what the issue is then. How far into the game are you? Mine didn't show up until I made it to the farm, but I'm not 100% on that. I also had to upgrade the app to see them for myself, not sure if that played a part in it or not.
FYI, your characters are not visible to me either.