Judaism goes back a number of centuries before Christianity. Indeed, Jesus was born a Jew.
As far as God's presence in time, I believe that C.S. Lewis has it right: if He can be omnipresent in three dimensions, He can be omnipresent in four. So, He is as present today as He was at the Big Bang, and will be at the Big Chill. Only it's all 'now' for Him.
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Big Bang is just a name (a misleading one). It wasn’t an actual “explosion”. It was just the rapid inflation of [u]space[/u] (not the matter within it) from the hot dense state at the beginning of this universe. Basically all matter and energy was condensed into a small space called a singularity. Space expanded causing the matter within it to spread out and cool. The name “Big Bang” was originally coined by Fred Hoyle as a way to mock the theory (he didn’t believe it was true at the time). The name stuck.