Helping two buddies get their catalysts, one is a little worse than the other at jumping puzzles, and in the time it took him we discovered the usage of the portal actually despawns and he couldn't get it. The magnitude of this L is unquantifiable bungo.
That does suck.
A suggestion to ease the possible pain is to find a POST Master Templar Checkpoint for yourself.
From there, you can get all the way back to the beginning and outside the original door.
Once there, have your fireteam join on you - swap out that character to preserve that post Templar checkpoint.
Now you can do all the catalyst Oracles without having to deal with the raid encounters. You just have to get the team thru the Gorgon maze when you get back down there.
Won't solve the timer issue itself, but if you have to repeat it, it's definitely better than having to actually run the raid encounters.