In Destiny as was in halo and most other fps games. There are close quarters combat, Mid-range combat, long range combat.
There are weapons that are tuned specifically for 1 or for some 2 zones. Shotguns are close quarters. Auto-rifles are close to mid range. Sniper rifles are long range. Scouts are mid to long. If you are in close quarters combat why do you think your mid-range weapon will beat a close range weapon? Using a shotgun does not make you bad. They have a purpose. In hallways with lots of twists and turns shotguns will triumph. In the open at mid-range auto-rifles have the advantage.
Now they already announced they will nerf the range of the shotgun as it is a little too far when scoped. But it is not going away. It will still kill you in the hallways if you keep blindly running in.