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originally posted in:Liberty Hub
Edited by Recon Number 54: 7/19/2016 6:40:28 PM
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I've read some of Mill's writing and found it worthwhile. Especially when taken in the context of his era, the surrounding culture of the day, and other factors. However, that bold statement is capable of meaning vastly different things to different people and so, could easily result in conflict or the undermining of what most would consider the author's intent. [quote]That the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. [/quote] The term and point on which all things could "pivot" is based on how a reader, or a society, defines and determines "harm to others". I will use an example of his era and one that is still being used (in various forms today). What if the sovereign individual is engaged in non-coercive bigamy? Within the walls of their own home and within the fences of their own property, the fact that one person is simultaneously married to multiple other people has no physical impact and on its face, it brings no harm to anyone else. But, there are those in the community who would suggest, maintain, or even claim with certainty that the practice of bigamy "brings harm to the community as a whole by its disregard for core cultural standards and its existence undermines a specific tradition at the root of all surrounding society", that the harm done is to destabilize a social foundation that is seen as mutual and fundamental by the rest of the community. Even more-so, while the union may be only fully known and understood within the walls of the practitioner, its existence is known throughout the community and there are unavoidable occurrences where this "non-standard practice" would be observable and disruptive to the rest of the community. That was one argument made back when Mill first authored his works, and it still remains a point today. While it is possible for people to consider and accept the idea of personal-autonomy and unbridled human liberty extending as far as the individual wants with the border and limit of it being the harming of another (or a group of anothers), what about the unspoken, unwritten, and rarely explored matters of everyday human interaction and social contact? To be sure, it's a prime example of a slippery slope argument, but what harm is done to others if an individual decides to wear revealing clothes in public? How about none at all? How about if they engage in mutual unclothed contact with a consenting fellow sovereign individual in a location that is owned by no one, but is visible by all? At what point does the community decide that the line between an individual's liberty and the risk of harm to the community is drawn or when is it being approached? We're still arguing the same thing today, but with details that folks in the mid-19th Century couldn't have imagined, much less verbalized or had opinions about. They, just like many of us today, have an acceptance of "unspoken rules and limits for civilized people" where society puts limits and pressures on the individual, regardless of whether the individual consents or not.
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  • [quote]How about if they engage in mutual unclothed contact with a consenting fellow sovereign individual in a location that is owned by no one, but is visible by all? At what point does the community decide that the line between an individual's liberty and the risk of harm to the community is drawn or when is it being approached?[/quote] Mill does address the idea of secondhand effects. "But there is a sphere of action in which society, as distinguished from the individual, has, if any, only an indirect interest: comprehending all that portion of a person's life and conduct which affects only himself or, if it also affects others, only with their free, voluntary, and undeceived consent and participation. [i]When I say only himself, I mean directly and in the first instance[/i]; for whatever affects himself may affect others through himself: and the objection which may be grounded on this contingency will receive consideration in the sequel. This, then, is the appropriate region of human liberty. It comprises, first, the inward domain of consciousness, demanding liberty of conscious in the most comprehensive sense, liberty and thought and feeling, absolute freedom of opinion and sentiment on all subjects, practical or speculative, scientific, moral, or theological. The liberty of expressing and publishing opinions may seem to fall under a different principle, since it belongs to that part of the conduct of an individual which concerns other people, but, being almost of as much importance of the liberty of thought itself and resting in great part on the same reasons, is practically inseparable from it. Secondly, the principle requires liberty of tastes and pursuits, of framing the plan of our life to suit our own character, of doing as we like, subject to such consequences as may follow, without impediment from out fellow creatures, so long as what we do does not harm them, even thought they should think our conduct foolish, perverse, or wrong." So you bring up a valid point. "Harm to others" has to be defined, since that idea is what defines the bounds of liberty.

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  • [quote]So you bring up a valid point. "Harm to others" has to be defined, since that idea is what defines the bounds of liberty.[/quote] Not only defined, but mutually agreed upon by the collective. Which is where it gets tricky. Because most people consider their own personal views and closely held taboos to not only be reasonable, but so commonly shared to the point where the individual almost instinctively considers those lines and that "harm" to be universally shared by others. Which is why politicians like phrases such as "common sense" and "we're better than this" or "this is not who we are". It allows them to plant their own flag on a moral/ethical hill of their choosing and anyone who disputes the flag or location of the hill is "clearly not like the rest of us reasonable people" and faces an uphill (pardon the pun) battle if they dare to disagree or challenge.

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