The sun emits particles because the sun itself is an ongoing chemical reaction, so it will obviously expel particles and lose matter in the process. These particles shoot across space in all directions, some towards earth.
I don't know a whole lot about the northern lights, but you asked how the sun emits particles, so that's how.
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Bearbeitet von The Cellar Door: 1/10/2017 5:57:37 AMJust an FYI, its a nuclear reaction, not chemical. There are, of course, chemical reactions that occur due to the thermonuclear fusion, but the main driving force is a nuclear reaction.