Sure, there's gonna be a big difference in enemy strength. For example, one Cabal is probably stronger than one Vex. However, we can assume that there will probably be higher level enemies to fight.(Level, not rank)
So which planet do you think has the toughest baddies? Are the enemies on Venus superior in strength to those on the Moon?
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If your wrongly equipped, hopefully any group of them will give you a tough fight.